Stavropol area. An ancient-geographical area regarding Russian Federation located in the main region of Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban River (and you will Kuban area) for the west, the Terek part for the southeast, new Wear region to the northern, the Kalmyk Independent Republic toward northeast, plus the countries of the Caucasian slope peoples to the south and southwestern. Brand new Stavropol part generally corresponds inside the territory into previous Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 edge GГ©orgie femmes chaudes, 59,five hundred sq . km) therefore the later Stavropol krai, faster this new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq . kilometres).
Physical geography. The big part of the Stavropol part is actually filled by the Stavropol Upland; the new lesser part provides elements of the newest Caspian Lowland regarding the eastern, the new Kuma-Manych Anxiety regarding the northern, and foothills of your own Caucasus Slopes regarding the southwest. This new environment of Stavropol area was transformation, of temperate continental throughout the western in order to drier and a lot more continental about eastern. The bigger of these range from the Yegorlyk (hence circulates towards Manych), the fresh Kalaus, new Kuma, in addition to Kuban and its top tributaries, the new Velykyi Zelenchuk and also the Malyi Zelenchuk (pick Zelenchuk canals). River-water is utilized to possess irrigation. Short, mostly saline lakes abound; the largest is the slim but 160-km-much time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless centrally located Stavropol area remained sparsely inhabited by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a beneficial Turkic-speaking anyone) and Kalmyk anybody (a good Mongol-speaking classification), exactly who to each other designated regarding 80,000
The fresh grounds on the western and you will main area of the Stavropol region are various chernozems and you can chestnut earth; for the east and you will northeast they be light chestnut. This new natural plant life as well as transform eastward with decreasing moisture, out-of meadow fescuefeather yard steppe to help you deceased fescuefeather lawn steppe then semidesert vegetation from wormwood, lifeless fescue, and you will feather lawn. On the alot more humid an element of the Stavropol Upland plus the fresh new Caucasus foothills brand new absolute herbs is actually forest-steppe which have oak-hornbeam-beech woods. Today both the steppe and the tree-steppe are almost totally cleared to have agriculture.
Record. On middle-16th century brand new Caucasus in addition to Stavropol region started initially to come to the connection with Muscovite colonization. On the 16th and you can 17th many years Subcaucasia knowledgeable the latest origins off Cossack colonization (brand new Don Cossacks on west and the Terek Cossacks inside the the brand new eastern). Caucasian hill peoples, the Karachai and the Cherkess, lived-in the new foothills of your own region.
At the beginning of this new eighteenth century the new Stavropol part nominally turned into the main Russian Empire. Permanent settlements, but not, weren’t built up until the history quarter of century, when, in 177780, the new Russian government situated a type of forts, the Mozdok-Azov line, that have head office at the Stavropol, so you can support the Caucasian hill peoples. From the 1785 the latest Stavropol part designed element of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated an excellent gubernia during the 1802. After the several name changes it actually was appointed since Stavropol gubernia inside the 1847. Its limitations were fundamentally repaired in 1861, whether or not it was broke up regarding Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (while the 1898) wasn’t section of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the fresh new Stavropol area are paid from the both Ukrainians and Russians, and you can constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The Russian regulators promoted brand new rapid colonization of the Stavropol part so you can present a bottom to have military tricks throughout the Caucasus. Element of that aim are attained by the newest granting preference tracts of home so you can Russian noblemen, which compensated these with its serfs. A very extreme reason for colonization, not, is brand new natural settlement of the state peasants who had been unimpeded by the brand new central government. Actually the latest imperial government legalized extant says for the ukase away from 1804 and you will considering service to people who had paid inside the Stavropol area. By the end of 1850s the people of Stavropol gubernia had risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people each sq km). Their simply area, Stavropol, expanded from about 3,000 citizens inside the 1800 so you can 17,600 people in the 1853. The most heavily settled section have been the fresh new steppes between the Yegorlyk and Kalaus canals and also the Kalaus River valley. The population regarding Stavropol gubernia (also Terek oblast) inside the 1853 contained 48.7 % Cossacks, thirty-two percent state peasants, sixteen.2 per cent nomadic herders, and step three.one percent serfs and others.